Lets measure RL (return loss) using a bi-directional coupler. In this case we are using the BDCN-20-13+ from Mini-Circuits For this coupler key parameters are:
Coupling port power 20 dB, Directivity 12 dB. Main line loss between 370 Mhz and 470 Mhz is 0.25 dB max. Characteristic impedance is 50 Ohm
Ports are :
1 – the input port
4 – output port
6 – coupled port in the forward direction
3 – coupled port in the reverse direction
Now to further our analysis lets connect a load to port 1 and drive port 4. So this is a reverse direction operation for this coupler.
To use some numbers, lets input 0 dBm at port 4. Then since the loss on the mainline is 0.25 dB the power arriving at port 1 is -0.25 dBm. Also:
lets assume the load is exactly 50 Ohm and we terminate port 3 with also 50 Ohm. Now the power coming out of port 6 is -32 dBm if the coupler is ideal. (directivity + coupling ).
Now lets assume that the load is no longer 50 Ohm but 100 Ohm. Now there will be reflected power also being added to the power out of port 6. The difference between the
– 32 dBm and the total power being measured at port 6 with 100 Ohms is the reflected power PR.
Then the return loss is simply
RL=10log10(PT/PR) dB.
Here PT is 0 dBm. Once RL is known other parameters can be calculated.
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The input interface.
The frequency divider has a differential analog interface. The following parameters apply:
The minimum frequency that can be input is 500 Mhz and the maximum frequency is 6.0 Ghz.
The RF input level is 5 dBm to – 5 dBm. For lower frequencies make sure that the slew rate is
greater than 560 V/us. The input is biased by two 500 Ohm resistors connected to a 1.6V DC bias.
Therefore AC coupling is used at the input. These are two 100pF capacitors.
The output interface.
The output is single ended. The output driver is capable of sourcing and sinking 24 mA. The
equivalent output impedance is 50 Ohm. To avoid reflections it is recommended that the divider
work into a 50 Ohm load.
General operation.
The inputs are applied to the input SMA I/O. The product will work with both a differential input as
well as a single ended input. However, a differential input works best. The division ratio is applied
to the N1 and N2 control inputs as follows:
N2 N1 Division ratio
0 0 8
0 1 16
1 0 32
1 1 64
The logic levels are:
Logic level Voltage
1 1.4V minimum
0 0.6V maximum
The supply voltage interface.
The operating supply voltage is 3.3V typical. The quiescent (DC) operating supply current is 2 mA.
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RF Switch typical features
Supply voltage = Vcc = 0/+5 Vdc
Operatng temperature = TA = -50° C to 125 Deg C
Operating impedance = 50 Ohm
Input power for 1 dB
compression ( 5.0V system) = 37 dBm ( f = 0.5 to 3 Ghz)
Input third order Intercept = 64 dBm ( 0 to 5.0V system, f = 0.5 to 3 Ghz)
Operating frequency range = DC to 3 Ghz.
Insertion loss DC to 3 Ghz = 0.8 dB
Isolation DC to 3 Ghz = 14 dB minimum
Return loss DC to 3 Ghz = 20 dB
50% contl to 10/90 %
( ON/OFF) = 120 ns
Summary Specifications
Gain, Operating: 19.5 dB
Operating frequency range: 1.0 – 2700 Mhz
OIP3: (Pout = 19.0 dBm), -8.5 dBm
P1dB: 4.6 dBm
N.F: 4.2 dB
Supply voltage Operating: 3.3 – 5.5 Volts
Price: single unit $7.50, 100 units : $5:50.
Free delivery, shipping lead time 2 days.
30 day return policy, buyer ships.
Supply current Supply = 5.0V, 23.0 mA
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